Should you TRY to hit it farther? or TRY to hit it straighter?

We’ve all stood up on the tee-box of a hole with a tree lined fairway and tried to just hit that accurate controlled drive. On the opposite end of the spectrum you have a wide open fairway and it’s “bombs away”. THE QUESTION – do those mindsets coming into those tee shots help or hurt you?

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Golfers often feel like hitting their driver harder will lead to longer shots, but is that really the case? That’s what golf pro and research Steve Buzza set out to investigate in his Masters field project.

He used a “constraints led approach” which looks at how the task, environment, and organism (the golfer) all impact performance. In their three studies, they had golfers hit three different types of drives: a standard drive, a distance drive, and an accuracy drive.

He used outdoor trackman data for the first study, manual cameras for the second study, and Vicon and Kislev force plates for the third study to gather data on both kinematics and kinetics. The findings shed light on how different task constraints can affect a golfer’s performance.

The additional information provided sheds more light on the findings of the study on distance and accuracy drives in golf. Contrary to the researcher’s expectations, hitting the ball further did not cause any significant problems. In fact, 16 out of 17 participants were able to increase their ball speed. However, not all participants were able to increase their carry distance or total distance significantly, indicating that the distance drive did not work for everyone.

When looking at task constraints, the study found that when participants attempted to hit the ball further, they tended to hit it higher, while accuracy drives tended to result in lower flight. While the accuracy drive did not lead to any significant improvement in straightness, it did result in some participants hitting the ball shorter but with a lower flight, which helped the ball to roll further and make up for the loss in carry distance.

The study used Trackman to collect data, which assumes that the ball will roll a certain distance. However, the findings indicate that if a golfer using the accuracy drive lands the ball short in the rough, they will not be able to make up for the lost roll distance, whereas if they land on the fairway, they may be able to make up for the lost roll.

In summary, the study found that distance drives can be beneficial and may lead to an increase in ball speed. However, it did not find any significant evidence to suggest that accuracy drives were advantageous, with only one participant seeing significant improvement, and that was due to their poor standard drive.

The results also indicate that task constraints, such as ball flight and landing position, play a crucial role in determining the effectiveness of a drive in golf.

THE PROCESS OF THE DRIVING STUDY:

Steve Buzza gave elite level golfers (under 5 handicap) 3 different cues before hitting. Below you can see the illustration he used to help them understand what he was looking for.

After having students hit blocks of balls in a random order he found some interesting results when giving students different cues before shots…

So we’re seeing that actually TRYING to hit it farther helped people gain some distance and it didn’t mean that they increased their lateral dispersion.   And trying to hit that “accurate” shot didn’t have the benefits that you’d probably hope for.

The best thing for you is to go the range and give this study protocol a test and stick with it.  After a few sessions you might find yourself hitting the distance drive more accurate and becoming more competent with the test.

ABOUT STEVE BUZZA

Steve Buzza is a golf professional and sport scientist looking to answer your questions to help improve your golfing experience.

Follow Steve on Twitter

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FULL TRANSCRIPT:

Steve Buzza 1:53
Steve Buzza originally from Exeter, England, I did a sports science degree, I graduated that one in 2009. So love my golf, always loved playing kind of went off to do my degree, I was actually interested in sports psychology. So I was thinking that that would be the route I went down. But whenever whenever I was out in the course, I’ve always been quite a technical player, then I was introduced to biomechanics when when I was doing that undergrad degree. From there, I finished that one with a first class honours degree and went on and did a research Master’s, kind of looking at driving performance. And whilst I was doing that, I’ve been doing the YouTube videos, I worked for the University of Exeter, I had a performance team, which did really well it was great teaching elite amateurs and a few of them trying to go into the professional game. And then I worked for David Leadbetter and Bangkok. And I’m currently sitting looking over the water in Florida. So no longer in the southwest of England, I can tell you the weather is very nice here.

Cordie Walker 3:02
Steve has an awesome YouTube channel have lots of great instruction, of course, vlogs, and all that good stuff. But today, it’s kind of cool to hear behind the scenes on what he’s been working on for a couple of years.

Unknown Speaker 3:12
From a playing perspective. And I think people can relate to this is when you’re when you’re maybe on the range and practicing the driver, you kind of have like your stock driver, you’re just trying to hit normal shots. And then when you actually go out on the course, you end up having to do different things because the whole layout changes. So my whole actual research project started probably my first or second year when I was doing my undergrad degree. And it came from quite simply when I try and hit it harder. And I feel like I’ve hit that really big shot hasn’t actually gone further. Because when we’re looking at a golf drive, we’re kind of getting a 2d perspective. So sometimes, if we try harder, and we perceive we try it quicker, we just assume it’s gone further. And it’s sometimes hard to actually judge whether it did or it didn’t. So that was where the project actually first came about. Once I started kind of researching, I came across a a theory it’s quite an old one from 1986 constraints led approach. So it was done by a guy called Newell. And he rather than looking at sporting performance as just the technique, he felt that kind of what we do and what how we actually perform the movement is related to three things. So the actual task, the environment, and then the the organism. So to break that down to like the organism would be the golfer. So we we have different physical abilities. We have different psychological traits, the task in golf can change massively. So we have, you know, the whole layout the way that our Where we perform the rules because of like hazards, etc, on that hole. So there’s not really, I can’t think of another sport that has a playing area that changes to the extent that we do in golf. And then obviously, the environment is the environment, we’ve all played in the wind and the rain, you know, your altitude, and all of these other things. So he feels that it’s a combination of all three of those things that are going to actually impact on how we perform. So I had three studies within my, my masters within my own field project. The first one was a outdoors trackman, we weren’t looking at what the body was doing, we didn’t look at the club data. So it was just purely ball, three tasks constraints. So the standard one was just a normal drive, you know, kind of used it as a control. The second one was the distance drive, that was just to outperform what they did within their standard drive in terms of distance. So if they, if they hit it, 260, they needed to hit it 270. The third task constraint was the accuracy drive, I was then, again, comparing it against the standard, they needed to improve their dispersion. So those were the three conditions, they were done in blocks of five, so it wasn’t, so they hit 60 shots. But it was, it wasn’t just 2020 20, it was done in blocks of five to make sure that it wasn’t just order effects. But that that was the first study really just to get an understanding of are there possible differences. The second study, I used direct linear transformation, which is a manual way to use cameras to pretty much get what an automated system or like a K motion or my swing can produce, just use the single person that showed big differences within the first condition, really just trying to get an understanding of how he was able to do it. So that was the second one again, done outside. The last study, we wanted to get some kinetic data to go alongside the kinematic data. So we went inside, we used Vikon, to look at kind of what the body was doing the movements, the kinematics. And then we had a Kislev force plate used to kind of see the force and the center of pressure traces. Again, that was three conditions, three tax constraints, they were the same as what was used in the other two studies.

Cordie Walker 7:30
This is fun to talk about and learn about because we all play these mental games on the tee, or wherever we’re at on the course. And it’d be thinking that we’re playing smart or strategically. But I love asking, Are we do we have some data to back this up? And does it have a positive or negative impact, because we don’t like basing decisions on one shot or one round, it’s really nice to have a set of data and some results that we can look at.

Steve Buzza 8:02
It was interesting, I was expecting and I’ll tell you what I was expecting first or a few scenarios is, when we try and hit the ball further, we think that we might lose control, we might tighten up, you know, sequencing in the golf swing is really important. So I thought what we might see is the distance drive would cause big problems. And it didn’t, it really didn’t. The first study, I had 17 participants 16 of the 17 increased the ball speed. So it was quite clear that when when elite performers tried to hit the ball further, they are able to increase ball speed, I didn’t really find any evidence to suggest when they tried to play for accuracy, that we were seeing a benefit. At group level, what was happening was the actual carry mean was reducing. So I wasn’t wasn’t finding any significance in the dispersion, but they were hitting it shorter when I delved in a little bit more. So what I’ve done in my research is I’ve tried not to just go off of the group means because like, if you’ve ever coached or you’ve ever watched golfers we we tend to do things very different. So I didn’t want to just take the average because I would probably lose what the actual findings were. So when I when I broke things down, although a lot of the golfers or like I say 16 of the 17 were able to increase their ball speed, they weren’t all actually getting significance within their carry distance, or their total distance. So although the distance drive was giving the ability to have a an advantageous kind of effect on their driving, it wasn’t happening for everybody. Another thing that I was seeing, and this is more like to when we’re looking at like task constraints, it’s looking at not just asked, Are they doing the movement quicker or slower it’s like has the movement itself actually changed. And what we were seeing is the distance drives, when they were trying to hit it further, they were tending to hit it higher, launching higher. And when they were trying to hit it straighter, at a group level, I didn’t get any significance. And actually, the accuracy drive going lower, like launching lower, but a lot of the actual participants did. And what it meant was, although we were seeing differences in ball speed that I had, I had a few participants able to carry the ball further, like significantly further, and then the ball wouldn’t roll as far. So they would then lose the significance. And we will find him with the the accuracy drive, especially they were losing a lot of distance within the carry, but then it was a lower flight. So it was actually chasing down and actually then making up for that in the role. I use Track man. So when you’re applying this to the golf course, and this is something that wasn’t found in the results, because the track man data just assumes role is it just works it off of the few figures from the ball flight is if the accuracy drive isn’t gaining any straightness, it’s almost essential that it has to be if they’re going shorter, because if they’re landing it shorter in the rough, obviously, they’re not going to make up the roll. Whereas if they were catching the fairway that roll might be seen. So yeah, the first one distance drive can be beneficial. didn’t really find any evidence that the accuracy one could be, you know, of the 17. One person and the accuracy actually was significantly better than their standard. And it was simply because their standard drive was very, very poor. So of the seven team they performed very poor, they had a poor 20 drives. And that was actually what allowed that to happen.

Unknown Speaker 11:54
What kind of golfers what level I guess of a handicap? Did you test

Steve Buzza 11:58
that I was I was using an elite. So I defined the elite is if they were an amateur, they needed to be category one. So that’s five or below, I had a lot of PGA pros, and I had a few tour pros or guys playing on mini tours.

Cordie Walker 12:11
So your data set was I’m guessing most of them had a swing speed over like 105, then

Unknown Speaker 12:18
Correct. Okay. And that’s, that’s a really good point as well, because everything I’m saying today is on an elite person, I haven’t I haven’t done this testing with kind of mid to high handicap golfers. And I would assume so like the like I said, with the sequencing, if you’ve got a higher handicap trying to hit it harder, they might, the movement might break down. So it’s sorry I want to do in the future. And I would not be surprised if the results were very different for a population of mid to high handicaps than the elite guys that I’ve used in my current work.

Cordie Walker 12:56
So when we when we talk about the control shots, right that the people hit, I guess like what was the average dispersion? Or I don’t know if you have these numbers or know offhand, but curious, like, what’s the dispersion from left to right, and like, long to short amongst the group as a whole? Do you have any idea around that?

Steve Buzza 13:14
Within my masters, I’ve only I’ve only reported the like the mean of the group. Yep. And I was finding they were carrying it 221 meters, standard deviation of about 10. And then we were finding that the total was going up to about 240 meters with a again, a standard deviation of like 10. And that’s in the standard drive. We were finding the distance one, the carry went up to two to eight, accuracy went down to 214. The standard deviation states pretty similar for all three tasks constraints I had of this of the 17 people in in the collection, I would say one of the many top players especially you know, he was he would be above tour average. I had a couple of amateurs in that, that were a little older. And I would say that their distances were a little further down.

Cordie Walker 14:10
What about the left to rate? How did that change from the control to the, to the long in the control to the accuracy?

Steve Buzza 14:20
Yeah, so what’s interesting with lateral dispersion, so we’re looking at the actual dispersion of 15 and the standard 16 and the distance 13 and the accuracy, but the actual standard deviations are quite high and lateral dispersion is it’s quite a volatile measurement. Because if you just think about like if you went to the range now and hit 15 shots, you know, you’ll hit a couple straight, you might hit a couple wide. So I would say and something that I’ve reported in here and what I would like to do in the future, is like Mark Brody stuff looking at strokes gained is actually trying to give you a value for each one, I think it’s a is a is a stronger measurement. But it was actually quite hard to do. Because like strokes gained it kind of is calculated off of previous and shots, you know what shot you’re about to have. So to try and actually put strokes gained into this experimental biased is going to be a bit of a problem, because obviously I could change things to make the maybe one constraint look better than the other, depending on how I altered the holes. I’ve actually spoken to mark about this. And we’re kind of trying to see if there’s a solution to look at it. So actual dispersion, we’re seeing that the means are very similar, but the standard deviations are actually quite big for that reason.

Cordie Walker 15:49
One other interesting idea is does this difference in increased yardage actually matter for you? When we apply some analysis, and we look at stats here, we’re able to figure out if there is an improvement in scoring potential if we’re gaining more yardage. And this is really interesting to look at, and important to think about.

Steve Buzza 16:10
So let’s say my three constraints, let’s say somebody hits it 200 yards, when they try and do their accuracy, they hit it 205 yards when they try and do that distance. That difference. If all 17 people make that change, you might find that it creates a significant difference statistically, but we need actually, in golf, we need to if we’re trying to apply different tasks, we need to do it. So it makes an alters enough to actually show us a difference in scoring potential. So what I was finding in the 17, I did have people that would hit the ball in excess of like in Brody’s work, he says 20 yards, equals point seven, five shots, potentially better scoring on the PGA Tour, you know, and I had, I had a few participants that were able to create that gap, which is a finding that it’s like, yeah, if you could actually apply that while you’re playing, that’s going to have a difference. But I also had a few that although they hit it a bit further, it wasn’t necessarily big enough to actually change it on the course. So that’s why I use like my example there of 200 yards versus 205. That’s maybe not even half a club.

Cordie Walker 17:31
So you should test this out, you should see the difference that it makes for you. Now that launch Myers is becoming more and more accessible, whether it’s you getting your own, something like the flightscope nivo, or Swing Caddy popped mine or receiving and ran out some time on a track man foresight or flight scope and do some testing yourself just because this could be really valuable to you, and see what happens. And, and I like some of these ideas that Steve presents as well around how to hit it farther. But please, if you’re doing some testing like this, make sure to randomize it, he did that in his test. But don’t hit 20 in a row as hard as you can and 20 as accurately as you can, that’s not going to get you very good data. So make sure to randomize that you’re gonna go out and do some testing yourself.

Steve Buzza 18:12
The thing I wouldn’t be doing is actually just trying to do my protocol, you don’t you don’t need 20, you know, I was I was getting people to hit 20 shots just because for like, from a statistical standpoint, it meant I had more data. So it made the, the strength of the data more, but I would go out and like, like, try to hit five balls normal, and then try and hit five balls as hard as you can try and hit five balls just straight and just just see what’s happening. You know it, pick some targets in the driving range. And actually try and be honest with yourself and say, Well, what’s happening with the five when you’re hitting it, when you’re trying to hit it harder? Maybe try and do that on every session, you know, just try and hit five as far as you can. And see how does it feel? Does it feel out of control in week one, but you start to be able to harness it. Of the five shots you hit you hit one that you think wow, that’s, that’s big, you know, and can I learn from that? So I think, coming from from this research, is, I’m not sure whether trying to just hit it straight or trying to hit it accurate or hitting for distance. You know, when you’re out on the course do you need to do that maybe if you just try and hit it as far as you can on the on the range. You don’t need those other two tasks constraints. You know, maybe you can adapt and learn when you’re on on your practice. You know, beating loads of balls just for accuracy. You know, I it slows you down for one because you hit too many balls you actually teach yourself to be slow so that that’s a bad thing. And like I said use my work or use use the kids example I gave earlier. You know just go out there and try and hit big drives on the range. See, see what happens. You know, and it’s an individual thing, you know, but I think if you practice it, Don’t moan that you don’t hit the ball very far. And then go out and practice and only try and hit it straight. If you feel like you need more distance, go out on the range, and just try and hit it as far as you physically can. And I think you’ll be surprised that once you do that for a few weeks, you’ll start to gain control, you might find that you need a few alterations with your driver, you know, to get the optimal launches, etc, etc, etc. But I think if you’re that player that needs more distance, or feels like more distance will improve their game, go out and practice it,

Cordie Walker 20:38
gotcha. Any cues or sensation like, so you saw that pressure moving towards the heel a little bit during when people tried to hit it farther, that’s generally a good thing is there any cues that you’d recommend, if someone’s gonna go out there that they try or any fields or anything,

Steve Buzza 20:54
I’m seeing significant differences with in the left foot more so than the right foot. So I would be thinking, push hard off of the left foot, watch the guys on tour, there’s so many plays where that left foot is twisting, and it’s moving, because of how hard they’re pushing through the ground. So that’s a key one, I wouldn’t say you need to try and change the swing too much, this isn’t a become a long driver and make your swing really long, you know that that will help distance but that’s not kind of what we’re working on here. So I would use the cue of really pushing hard through the left for the kinetics happen before the killer Matic. So whatever you see in your body movement, it tends to have happen, or it does happen because of the kinetics around it. So you can push through that left leg hard. And early. You know, don’t feel like you need to wait to get halfway down in the downswing and then try and do it that will be too late, use it as a trigger, get make a good backswing and then push hard through the left leg, you know, it’s gonna, it’s gonna put you in some really nice positions, hopefully give you some tilt to actually improve the launch, you know, and you want to feel like you’re going to launch the ball high, the ball, the ball speed, if you can increase that, and you still launch it low, you know, you might spin it, you get all of these other factors. So I would be feeling push hard through the left, and try and launch the ball. And when you’re practicing, don’t be afraid to do it too much. Learn how to harness the beast that you’re creating,

Cordie Walker 22:30
for you hit the range and try this out. Let’s look at what’s actually happening when you’re trying to hit it harder. And what we’re potentially looking for there in the changes that are happening,

Steve Buzza 22:39
the thing I wouldn’t be doing is actually just try and do my protocol, you don’t you don’t need 20, you know, I was I was getting people to hit 20 shots just because it for like from a statistical standpoint, it meant I had more data. So it made the the strength of the data more, but I would go out and like, like, try to hit five balls normal, and then try and hit five balls as hard as you can try and hit five balls just straight and just just see what’s happening. You know it, pick some targets in the driving range. And actually try and be honest with yourself and say, Well, what’s happening with the five when you’re hitting it, when you’re trying to hit it harder? You know, maybe try and do that on every session, you know, just try and hit five as far as you can. And see how does it feel? Does it feel out of control in week one, but you start to be able to harness it. Of the five shots you hit you hit one that you think wow, that’s that’s big, you know, Can Can I can I can I learn from that. Because I think, coming from, from this research, is, I’m not sure whether trying to just hit it straight or trying to hit it accurate or hitting for distance. You know, when you’re out on the course do you need to do that maybe if you just try and hit it as far as you can on the on the range, you don’t need those other two tasks constraints. You know, maybe you can adapt and learn when you’re on on your practice, you know, beating loads of balls just for accuracy, it slows you down for one because you hit too many balls, you actually teach yourself to be slow, so that that’s a bad thing. And like I say, use my work or use use the kids example I gave earlier, you know, just go out there and try and hit big drives on the range and see, see what happens. You know, and it’s an individual thing, you know, but I think if you practice it, don’t mean that you don’t hit the ball very far. And then go out and practice and really try and hit it straight. If you feel like you need more distance, go out on the range and just try and hit it as far as you physically can. And I think you’ll be surprised that once you do that for a few weeks, you’ll start to gain control. You might find that you need a few alterations with your driver, you know to get the optimal launches, etc, etc, etc. But I think if you’re that player that needs more distance or feels like more distance will improve their game, go out and practice it.

Cordie Walker 25:04
Gotcha. Any cues or sensation like so you saw that pressure moving towards the heel a little bit during when people trying to hit farther, that’s generally a good thing is there any cues that you recommend, if someone’s gonna go out there that they try are any fields or anything,

Steve Buzza 25:21
I’m seeing significant differences with in the left foot more so than the right foot. So I would be thinking, push hard off of the left foot. You know, don’t, don’t worry, watch the guys on tour, there’s so many players where that left foot is twisting, and it’s moving, because of how hard they’re pushing through the ground. So that that’s a key one, I wouldn’t say you need to try and change the swing too much. This isn’t a become a long driver and make your swing really long, you know that that will help distance but that’s not kind of what we’re working on here. So I would use the cue of really pushing hard through the left for the kinetics happen before the kinematics. So whatever you see in your body movement, it tends to have happen, or it does happen because of the kinetics around it. So you can push through that left leg hard. And early. You know, don’t feel that you need to wait to get halfway down in the downswing and then try and do it that will be too late to use it as a trigger, get make a good backswing and then push her through the left leg, you know, it’s gonna, it’s gonna put you in some really nice positions. Hopefully, it gave you some tilt to actually improve the launch, you know, and you want to feel like you’re going to launch the ball high, you know, the ball, the ball speed, if you can increase that and you still launch it low, you know, you might spin it, you get all of these other factors. So I would be feeling push hard to the left, and try and launch the ball. And when you’re practicing, don’t be afraid to do it too much. Learn how to harness the beach that you’re creating.

Cordie Walker 27:02
variability. I love that we’ve taken this here, because that’s what this game is all about managing variability and really be trying to become a master of it and embracing it. And when we talk about this, I always think of Lynn Marriott and Keon Nielsen division 54. They have an awesome book called be a player. We did a bunch of podcasts with them. But there’s a chapter in here on variability in a paragraph that I want to read to set the context here a bit. In our opinion, too many players focused on achieving consistency, they practice the same shot, and the same swings over and over. Convinced that more time on the range will enable them to perfectly replicate a swing. They’ll never let them down. But scientific research now shows endless hours in the range are ineffective. In 2006. Stanford University’s Krishna Shenoy, professor of electrical engineering and neurobiology showed that humans aren’t capable of perfectly replicating a physical action. Shenoy, who studies the neural basis of movement explained, the main reason you can’t move the same way each and every time when you’re swinging a golf club, say is that your brain can’t plan the swing the same way each time. Alright, let’s get back to Steve,

Steve Buzza 28:05
something that I find quite interesting is, is trying to take what I find in this and compare it to like a handicap population. And then looking at how we teach the higher handicap population, because I think it’s quite, it’s quite common at the minute. And golf instruction almost seems to be turning that it doesn’t really matter how your swing looks, you know, you’ve got so many examples on tour of players that maybe have movements that are a little out there very unorthodox. And then we kind of use that as a license that it doesn’t really matter what people’s swings look like, if you look at how variability works within like, especially when you’re learning to like, when you first start learning the game, your variability is very, very wide, just because you don’t know what you’re doing once you start to get better. So if you get into that, like intermediate player, you know, I’d probably say that it’s a mid mid teen player, maybe in a nine handicap, you could add, where you put that, you know, you could we could argue about all day, but once you become like that intermediate player, you tend to really take control of the variability, you really do reduce it. And then this is something that I think a lot of people don’t maybe consider or realize, is once you get into like the elite population, the variability tends to increase again, and that’s what allows them to play all these different types of shots. So, coming off of my research here, you need to do a training intervention, like this story, it hasn’t been complete, you know, you need to do a training intervention and see how elite golfers are affected. Can you put this into a novice population? So rather than ask trying to get them in loads of debt Prepositions do, you just ask them to hit it harder if you ask them to hit it softer? You know, this comes kind of like putting, you know, if you use parking, if you look at like quiet I research, you know, where you don’t really teach a method, you just teach a, what they’re going to focus on in this, let them kind of learn how to actually do the task. Because you could argue in golf a lot of the time, we don’t really consider what the task is, we get so wrapped up in how we want people swings, to look at how we, even if you’re using all the technology, you know, trying to sort someone’s path out, etc, we get so wrapped up in that we forget, actually, what’s the task. And this is what I want to come from my research and like from the podcast today is just to try and consider that is, is variability a bad thing. But at what point do you allow it? At what point do you not? Because it’s so it’s so easy to say, Well, an intermediate player doesn’t have it and an elite person does. But it’s like, oh, how do I know when to change things? Because you can end up just sitting on the fence and saying, Well, maybe I’ll just leave this player and he might become really, really good, just by learning it. And other times you go, Well, if I just leave them there, they’re really struggling, and they’re never gonna get to the point in which they need to be. So this research here, it really is just looking. And I think there’s so much scope, about how we, how we teach, how we teach different populations, and are the traditional ways we’re doing it good. Are they bad? You know, I, I’m on I’m on neither side at the minute, I just think there are loads of ways to do it. And you know, it’s an area in which we can only learn more. And I think once we start learning it, you know, I think we’ll be able to help a lot of golfers.

Cordie Walker 31:47
Alright, thank you so much for joining us. Thank you to Steve for sitting down and sharing his research. I’ve really enjoyed learning about this. And the unedited version of our interview will be posted next week. So you want to if you want to listen to this in long form version, make sure to come back and listen, subscribe in that podcast app. If you are listening and you’re not a golf science live insider, you need to become one you’ll get access to the content first, all our updates in the dispatch, which is our unique email newsletter, where we share things that are interesting and unique around the world of golf. Make sure to head over to golf science live.com/insider To get access to that. And this episode was hosted by me Cordie Walker, you can follow me on Twitter at Cordie Walker was edited, mixed and produced by just hit Publish Productions.